Bose-Einsteinov kondenzat

Podatki o porazdelitvi hitrosti. Manj goste zgoščine atomov (rdeče), zelo goste zgoščine (modro in belo)

Bose-Einsteinov kondenzat je stanje snovi, ki ga zavzamejo bozoni, ohlajeni na temperaturo blizu absolutne ničle. Prvič sta ga dosegla leta 1995 Eric Allin Cornell in Carl Edwin Wieman na Univerzi Kolorada v Boulderju z uporabo plina rubidijivih atomov ohlajenih na 170 nanokelvinov (nK). Pod temi pogoji je velik del atomov padel na najnižje kvantno stanje, na katerem kvantni pojavi postanejo vidni na makroskopskem merilu.

To stanje sta med letoma 1924 in 1925 v splošnem napovedala Satjendra Nat Bose in Albert Einstein.

Glej tudi

• superprevodnost

Viri

• S. N. Bose, Z. Phys. 26, 178 (1924)
• A. Einstein, Sitz. Ber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. (Berlin) 1, 3 (1925)
• L.D. Landau, J. Phys. USSR 5, 71 (1941)
• C. J. Pethick and H. Smith, »Bose–Einstein Condensation in Dilute Gases«, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001.
• Lev P. Pitaevskii and S. Stringari, »Bose–Einstein Condensation«, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2003.
• Mackie M, Suominen KA, Javanainen J., »Mean-field theory of Feshbach-resonant interactions in 85Rb condensates.« Phys Rev Lett. 2002 Oct 28;89(18):180403.
• Oxford Experimental BEC Group. http://www-matterwave.physics.ox.ac.uk/bec/bec.html Arhivirano 2005-10-30 na Wayback Machine.

Zunanje povezave

• Laboratorij za hladne atome na Institutu Jožef Stefan
• BEC Homepage Arhivirano 2005-12-20 na Wayback Machine. General introduction to Bose–Einstein condensation
• Nobel Prize in Physics 2001 - for the achievement of Bose–Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates
• Physics Today: Cornell, Ketterle, and Wieman Share Nobel Prize for Bose–Einstein Condensates Arhivirano 2007-10-24 na Wayback Machine.
• Bose–Einstein Condensates at JILA
• The Bose–Einstein Condensate at Utrecht University, the Netherlands Arhivirano 2009-04-09 na Wayback Machine.
• Alkali Quantum Gases at MIT Arhivirano 2005-12-26 na Wayback Machine.
• Atom Optics at UQ
• Einstein's manuscript on the Bose–Einstein condensate discovered at Leiden University
• The revolution that has not stopped PhysicsWeb article from June 2005
• An educational song about the Bose–Einstein condensate